Colombia's military false-positives system
Colombian military personnel and civilian collaborators made murdered or forcibly disappeared people legible as combat results through recruitment or seizure, killing, staged scenes, false operational and forensic records, rewards, and institutional validation. A JEP estimate of 6,402 unique victims for 2002–2008 remains a preliminary research universe, not 6,402 adjudicated homicides; a Truth Commission finding of a non-formally adopted policy remains extrajudicial; and two 2025 JEP judgments establish responsibility only for their defendants and La Popa subcase, with both judgments expressly appealable.
How did results pressure, segmented work, official records, and weak contradiction make murdered civilians usable as military performance?