InstitutionClaim Cited
After 1997, Steve Jobs and a functional leadership team rebuilt Apple around the coordinated design of hardware, software, services, and operations. The iPhone turned that product discipline into ecosystem government: the same center that protected a coherent experience also set terms for developers, supplier factories, repairers, advertisers, and rivals.
How can a company make complex technology feel coherent without turning coherence into unreviewable control over an ecosystem?
InstitutionClaim Cited
News Feed turned Facebook's visited profiles into a continuously updated flow that later became ranked, while developer access and advertising turned identity, relationships, and behavior into shared infrastructure. Cheap global connection grew faster than consent, local knowledge, and public authority over the objectives that allocated attention.
Who may set, inspect, and appeal the objectives of a ranked social system when many people affected by it never chose the platform?