Organizational CaseClaim Cited
Union Carbide and the Bhopal disaster
The 1984 Bhopal gas disaster emerged from hazardous chemical storage, degraded and unavailable safeguards, weak emergency knowledge, and responsibility divided among a U.S. parent, its Indian affiliate, plant management, and public regulators. The lethal release exposed nearby communities immediately; litigation, medical care, compensation, cleanup, and accountability remained fragmented for decades.
How can an organization claim operational control over a hazardous process while responsibility for prevention and remedy is divided across corporate and governmental boundaries?